As such, the assessment and development of endurance capacity in artistic gymnastics are crucial for a successful performance. In this regard, there is clear evidence that the demands on the cardiorespiratory and metabolic systems, either in training and particularly in competition settings, are greater than previously thought. Also, authors revealed that training sessions afford high energy expenditure (768.3 ± 168.5 kcal and 6.1 ± 0.6 metabolic equivalent of task) and concluded that women artistic gymnasts performed long-duration, moderate-intensity training sessions that require high energetic demands. They reported that female artistic gymnasts spent higher time at 60%–70% and 70%–80% than at 80%–90% HR max. ( 9) examined the energy expenditure and effort intensity during women artistic gymnastics training sessions. In the same context, Marina and Rodríguez ( 8) revealed that the average relative peak intensities reached during the various women artistic gymnastics events ranges between 65% and 85% of the individual VO 2max and HR max recorded in laboratory conditions. The authors demonstrated a predominant contribution of the aerobic system (58.9%) followed by the anaerobic alactic (24.2%) and the anaerobic lactic systems (16.9%). ( 7) quantified the energetic demands of a simulated floor routine competition in male and female sub-elite artistic gymnasts. Similar to males, results indicated that the floor routine has the highest energy cost followed by the uneven bars, the balance beam, and the vault. Furthermore, earlier studies ( 5, 6) quantified the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption during the first 30 s following female gymnastic routines. ( 4) synthesized the literature related to men's artistic gymnastics and concluded that the floor routine is associated with the highest energy cost followed by the pommel horse, rings, high bar, parallel bars, and vault. The same authors also reported that values of HR and BLa were still noticeably higher after 10 min of recovery compared to the resting levels ( 3). In fact, there is evidence that blood lactate concentration (BLa) and heart rate (HR) kinetics depend on the apparatus with the floor and uneven bar exercises inducing the highest values during simulated women's artistic gymnastics competition ( 3). It is well-known that the contribution of the various metabolic systems differs from one apparatus to the other ( 2). Women's artistic gymnastics competition consists of four different exercise routines, namely the vault, uneven bars, balance beam, and floor exercise. These are the floor exercise, pommel horse, still rings, vault, parallel bars, and high bar. A typical competition in men's artistic gymnastics requires the athlete to perform six different exercise routines. Artistic gymnastics is a demanding Olympic sport that requires high levels of muscle strength, muscle power, strength endurance, flexibility, balance, and aerobic/anaerobic metabolism ( 1).
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